每周規律運動150分鐘可以延長壽命,以下是內文摘要:
Background: Physical inactivity is an important modifıable risk factor for noncommunicable
disease. The degree to which physical activity affects the life expectancy of Americans is unknown.
Purpose: Thisstudyestimatedthepotentialyearsoflifegainedduetoleisure-timephysicalactivityintheU.S.
Methods: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007–2010); National
Health Interview Study mortality linkage (1990 –2006); and U.S. Life Tables (2006) were used to
estimate and compare life expectancy at each age of adult life for inactive (no moderate to vigorous
physical activity); somewhat-active (some moderate to vigorous activity but 500 MET minutes/
week); and active ( 500 MET minutes/week of moderate to vigorous activity) adults. Analyses were
conducted in 2012.
Results: Somewhat-active and active non-Hispanic white men had a life expectancy at age 20 years
that was 2.4 years longer than that for the inactive men; this life expectancy advantage was 1.2 years
at age 80 years. Similar observations were made in non-Hispanic white women, with a higher life
expectancy within the active category of 3.0 years at age 20 years and 1.6 years at age 80 years. In
non-Hispanic black women, as many as 5.5 potential years of life were gained due to physical activity.
Signifıcant increases in longevity were also observed within somewhat-active and active non-
Hispanic black men; however, among Hispanics the years-of-life-gained estimates were not signifıcantly
different from 0 years gained.
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根據多方研究顯示,運動是一帖免費的神奇良藥,除了戒煙之外,沒有任何行為能夠像運動一樣,給人體健康帶來那麼多的好處。
最新一期出刊的「讀者」雜誌,刊出一篇安迪寇藍所寫的文章。作者指出,隨著農業跟工業勞動的減少、汽車的使用、以及電視跟電腦的出現,把人們困在災難性的靜止不動中。在1935年,全球人口20億人,有1千5百萬糖尿病患,到2010年人口增加了三倍,糖尿病患者卻增加了近15倍,不運動是關鍵因素。
多個研究發現,運動比任何單一療法更能預防早亡。這種神奇藥物,身體裡面也許沒有一個器官不受它的影響。
好幾個研究單位正在進行「運動即藥物」的研究,美國一項研究指出,每週做150分鐘快走、舞蹈等中等強度有氧運動,就可減少40%心臟病導致的死亡,效果跟服用斯他汀類藥物大致相同。台灣的一項研究也顯示,運動能促進血液循環,清除血管壁上的脂肪沈積,預防心臟病跟中風。
「運動即藥物」研究更驚人的發現,每週中等強度運動,可以使罹患第二型糖尿病機率降低58%,效果是服用二甲雙弧藥物的兩倍。此外,同樣的運動能使女性罹患乳腺癌的風險降低一半,也讓罹患腸癌的風險降低六成。
美國德州大學醫學研究發現,運動有助於預防痴呆和神經退行性疾病。伊利諾大學研究團隊也研究證實,運動可使大腦中攸關記憶的海馬體增大提高記憶力,彌補掉因老化引起的疾病。即使青春期孩子也同樣適用,透過運動能擁有更大的海馬體。
南卡羅萊納大學運動研究員布萊爾說,體重超重的人,即使不減肥也能從運動中獲益。強壯而運動的胖子早亡的風險,只有強壯而不運動的瘦子的一半。
布萊爾還說,美國人平均每天看八小時電視,如果懶得去做運動,光是利用廣告時間繞著沙發散步,若能堅持下去,也能達到運動的效果
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